Following the death of Pope Francis, UFO activists are intensifying calls for the Vatican to open its secret archives.
Many believe the archives contain long-hidden evidence of extraterrestrial visitations that have been framed as divine visions in centuries past.
Some, like US Pentagon whistleblower David Grusch, go even further, alleging the Vatican has known about alien life for decades and actively covered it up.
One scholar who knows the Vatican archives better than most is Diana Walsh Pasulka, a professor of religious studies at the University of North Carolina Wilmington.
In her new book, American Cosmic, Pasulka dives deep into the Church’s historical records, uncovering visions and events that sound like they came straight out of an X-Files episode.
While researching Catholic teachings on purgatory, Pasulka explored documents dating from 1300 to 1800, stumbling upon accounts that defied all expectations.
She found ‘reports of orbs of light, flames that penetrated walls, luminous beings, forms of conscious light, spinning suns and disc-like aerial objects,’ she writes.
‘The historical record is filled with these kinds of events. The people at the Vatican, they don’t even know where to look – it’s in their basements.’

In the wake of Pope Francis ‘s April passing, calls from UFO activists have intensified, urging the Vatican to open its mysterious archives

One scholar who knows the Vatican archives better than most is Diana Walsh Pasulka, a professor of religious studies at the University of North Carolina Wilmington
Pope Paul V formally established the Vatican Secret Archives – now called the Vatican Apostolic Archives – in 1612.
The vast collection of documents is estimated to contain over 50 miles of shelving, featuring papal correspondence, historical records of trials and what some believe to be proof of alien life.
According to Pasulka, the Vatican’s archivists are in a ‘mad rush to digitize’ centuries of forgotten documents, but they’re not exactly prioritizing ‘orbs that were bothering nuns in the 1800s.’
She uncovers a number of so-called ‘miracle’ stories preserved in Church history – stories that carry a strange resemblance to modern UFO encounters.
One case involves Sister Maria of Ágreda, a 17th Century Spanish nun who reportedly levitated while bathed in a blinding white light.
Sister Maria also claimed to have been transported across the Atlantic ‘on the wings of angels,’ where she encountered Native American tribes, despite never physically leaving her cloistered convent in Spain.
Eventually, Pasulka began to see Sister Maria not just as having supernatural abilities, but as what she calls a ‘meta experiencer’ – someone whose spiritual visions may share a deeper, perhaps even cosmic, connection with today’s unexplained phenomena.
‘She was a mystic who wrote books about the Virgin Mary that were very popular in her era – and they’re still widely read today,’ Pasulka writes.
Sister Maria of Ágreda’s earliest writings, which were later destroyed by fellow nuns at her convent, were cosmographies – vivid accounts of her astral journeys through space and across the Earth.

Some have speculated that the Vatican’s secret archive stores records of UFO and extraterrestrial encounters. The Archives are pictured above in 2012

David Grusch claims one of these alien spacecraft crashed in Northern Italy in 1933. He said Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini kept it secret, before it was captured by American forces at the end of World War II and shipped to the US (pictured is an artist’s impression of the finding)

An alleged handwritten memo dated Aug. 22, 1936, which includes a sketch and description of a cylindrical aircraft with portholes on the sides and white and red lights spotted flying over Northern Italy
In them, she recorded detailed topographies of distant lands, foreign cultures and even realms beyond our world.
Missionaries in colonial New Mexico were astonished when Indigenous people described being visited by a mysterious ‘lady in blue’ – matching Sister Maria’s description and attire, despite her never physically leaving Spain.
‘As a young nun, she claimed to bilocate to colonial New Mexico,’ writes Pasulka.
‘She said she met Indigenous Americans, taught them about the Catholic faith and prepared them to be baptized by Franciscan missionaries.’
The Catholic Church recognizes bilocation as a rare charism, or sacred ability – essentially the power to appear in two places at once.

UFO researchers have previously suggested that a 1917 ‘religious’ encounter where a large crowd saw a vision of the Virgin Mary after it was predicted by three children could actually be something extraterrestrial
Pasulka notes that in previous centuries, experiences involving flight, mysterious lights or cosmic travel were interpreted not as alien phenomena, but as deeply spiritual or religious events.
She argues that many such experiences, like those of Sister Maria, may have parallels with what modern society would frame as extraterrestrial encounters.
As a researcher, Pasulka spent years exploring various church archives – including at the Vatican – seeking these overlooked or misunderstood accounts.
The Vatican’s connection to mysterious aerial phenomena stretches beyond ancient visions and mystical nuns into modern history, even intersecting with global politics.
Grusch made headlines in 2023 when he claimed Pope Pius XII secretly assisted the US in recovering a crashed UFO during World War II.
According to Grusch, who has not provided physical evidence, the first recovery occurred in Magenta, Italy, in 1933 under Mussolini’s regime.
‘They recovered a partially intact vehicle, and the Italian government moved it to a secure airbase in Italy until around 1944 [or] 1945,’ he told NewsNation.
‘The Pope back-channeled that and told the Americans what the Italians had, and we ended up scooping it.’
While this particular account remains unverified, it adds to the growing body of speculation that the Vatican has long been aware of this phenomena.
Another mysterious event often cited by UFO researchers occurred decades earlier.

American Cosmic tells the story of the relationship between religion and UFO experiences
In 1917, three shepherd children in the town of Fatima, Portugal, claimed to witness repeated apparitions of the Virgin Mary in what later became known as the ‘Miracle of the Sun.’
The children – Lucia Santos and her cousins Jacinta and Francisco Marto – said an angel first appeared in the spring, urging them to fast and repent.
Over the following months, they reported seeing a radiant woman, who delivered a series of messages.
Then tens of thousands of witnesses, including journalists and skeptics, reported seeing the sun appear to spin, pulse with light and even plunge toward the Earth.
The event was captured in photos and widely covered by Portuguese media at the time.
To Pasulka and others, the parallels between Fatima and modern UFO encounters are striking: shining beings descending in spheres of light, spinning aerial displays and the transmission of messages or protocols.
‘While some researchers argue that the Miracle of the Sun may have been an alien encounter misinterpreted through a religious lens, Pasulka takes a more nuanced approach.
‘Religion cannot be analyzed in the same way as science,’ she writes. ‘One cannot put an angel under a microscope.
‘It is this aspect – the mysterious sacred – that distinguishes religion from other organized practices like sports or fandoms.
‘In religions, one finds the inexplicable, sacred event or a mysterious artifact.’
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